Presidential Reconstruction - Artist Statement by Colleen Whalen

I worked on my quilt square with Maya. This quilt square was harder than the others but I am glad I did it. We did our quilt square on Presidential Reconstruction. We chose to do the Presidential Reconstruction Plan because it sounded interesting. President Johnson’s Plan was to have the South write a new state constitution, ratify the 13^th Amendment, and the South had to get new government officials because the North didn’t want former Rebels to be in charge. On the square, we put the Reconstruction Plan between President Lincoln and Johnson to show the connection between them. However, Johnson’s plan ended up very different from Lincoln’s because Johnson did not help former slaves like Lincoln would have. He also did many things to help wealthy southerners, which is not what Lincoln wanted.

Harlem Renaissance-Julia Glancy-Deborah's Class

Harlem Renaissance

By Julia Glancy

For the quilt square we did the Harlem Renaissance. Our quilt square is divided into four sections. Writers, performers, artists and musicians of the Harlem Renaissance each have their own section. In each section there are people that were part of the Harlem Renaissance. The paint brush represents artists. Musicians are represented by musical notes. We used a pencil to represent the writers. Masks were used to show performers.

The scale in the middle with the question mark is asking if things are now equal. During the Harlem Renaissance African American artists started being recognized for their work. Now African American artists are given credit for their work but not all African Americans are treated equally to whites.

Alex Harris' Artist Statement-Jim Crow laws-Sarah's Office

Me and Devlin's piece gives an example of how colored people, even though they had been liberated from slavery, were still not free to do all that they wanted to do. Most of the time, Jim Crow laws were simply separating blacks from whites by makings separate fixtures, rooms, and even buildings for colored people. There were colored drinking fountains, colored schools, colored waiting rooms (which is what is what is shown in this piece), colored train cars, colored restrooms, and more ridiculous things, and often, the colored versions of these everyday things were in much worse repair than the white ones (which is why the colored waiting room in the picture has no seats). Many shops also did not serve colored people, so it was very difficult to get good quality goods, such as clothing (which is why the person sitting on the floor in the colored waiting room is wearing rags), and many people would not give colored people good jobs, so they mostly ended up working for the same plantation owners who had kept them as slaves just a few years earlier, except that they got a small amount of pay, and didn't get whipped all the time. And some of these Jim Crow laws weren't even restricted to the South. Even in the North, they had colored drinking fountains and other ridiculous things.

The Jim Crow Laws-Hermela-Deborahs class

five primary documents   
The jim crow laws

This website talked about the jim crow laws that created segregation between whites and blacks. This picture above shows that white people and colored people had different drinking water fountains. Not only did they have different drinking fountains but Amferican americans and white americans had to go to different schools, eat at different restaurants and use different facilities.


Old anti-Jim crow poster

This website talked about how the Jim crow laws affected africans americans.
"Jim Crow was more than a series of rigid anti-Black laws. It was a way of life. Under Jim Crow, African Americans were relegated to the status of second class citizens. Craniologists, eugenicists, phrenologists, and Social Darwinists, at every educational level, buttressed the belief that Blacks were innately intellectually and culturally inferior to Whites. Pro-segregation politicians gave eloquent speeches on the great danger of integration: the mongrelization of the White race.  Even simple children’s games portrayed blacks as inferior people."
It also taked about if someone didnt follow the laws they were beaten, jailed, or worse.


Jim Crow Laws

This picture shows an african who protesting to end the jim crow laws and on the right a white american who supports the jim crow laws. This website talks about how the laws were state and local laws in the united states that discriminated aganist blacks. The name Jim crow isnt a person, the name comes from an old song named "jump Jim Crow"
"Seperate but equal"
This website talked about the Jim crow laws and the phrase "seperate but equal". It wasnt true because African americans and white americans were not equal. Black schools and white schools were not equal, white schools got more supplies, funding and more education. The U.S military was segregated until integrated by Harry S. Truman after World War II.




"On December 1, 1955, Parks wearily refused to relinquish her seat to a white man. She was arrested, fingerprinted, and incarcerated. When Parks agreed to have her case contested, it became a cause célèbre in the fight against Jim Crow laws."







Thurgood Marshall

This is a picture of Thurgood Marshal.
In 1954, he convinced the Court that 'separate but equal' public school classrooms were unconstitutional (Brown v. Board of Education).
In other cases, Marshall defended the rights of the individual and affirmed legal protections for women, children, prisoners and homeless persons. He said the Constitution was the best weapon against Jim Crow laws and the equal protections clause was not complicated.
"Equal means getting the same thing at the same time and in the same place," he wrote.

15th Amendment Artist Statement- Haile McIntosh

Along the top of our quilt square is the 15th Amendment. In the center of our piece is a box in which a man of color is casting his vote. Under the box is a copy of the Amendment stating that, all men regardless of their race, color, or previous conditions of servitude had the right to vote. On the left is a picture of the Civil Rights Act past July 2, 1965. This act was built off the 15th Amendment, improving it's faults. On the act is a circle with a cross through it that says "poll tax". This helps to represent that the Civil Rights Act outlawed poll taxes and other obstacles such as literacy tests that stood in the way of voting. The Civil Rights Act is still in action today and significantly rose the amount of registered African Americans with its improvements.

Marley Thirteenth amendment Deborahs class

Marley - thirteenth ammendment - deborahs class

http://topics.law.cornell.edu/constitution/amendmentxiii
the thirteenth amendment states that all slaves will be freed and that slavery or anything of that sort was aggainst the law unless used for punishment from a crime.

http://www.americancenturies.mass.edu/collection/itempage.jsp?itemid=18082&img=0&level=advanced&transcription=0
this is a letter written by E.A. Dammers.  it was written to George Fuller regarding the thirteenth amendment.  it also tells some about what life was like back then.

Marley Thirteenth amendment Deborahs class

http://www.americancenturies.mass.edu/collection/itempage.jsp?itemid=18082&img=0&level=advanced&transcription=0

this is a letter written by E.A. Dammers.  it was written to George Fuller regarding the thirteenth amendment.  it also tells some about what life was like back then.

Marley Battle of gettysburg deborahs class

Marley battle of gettysburg deborahs class

quote-
"we see the poor fellows...  lying on the ground with the mangled stump of an arm or a leg, dripping thier life blood away; or with a cheek torn open, or a sholder mashed.  and i say, alas!  hear not the roar as they stretch upon the ground with turned up faces and open eyes, through a shell wshould burst at their very ears."

Marley- battle of gettysburg- deborahs class

bit.ly/meMyAv

abraham lincoln giving the gettysburg address

Marley Battle Of Gettysburg Deborahs Class

www.army.mil/gettysburg/flash.html

interactive site

Marley- Battle of gettysburg- deborahs class

bit.ly/kTmzFJ

dead soldiers after the battle of gettysburg